1/21/2024 0 Comments Low ag ratio treatmentPatients diagnosed with Wegener’s granulomatous mastitis (n = 2) and tuberculous mastitis (n = 1), men (n = 2), patients without regular follow-up controls (n = 11), and those with missing data (n = 8) were excluded from the study. One hundred nine patients were assessed for enrollment, of whom 85 were finally included in the study. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the association between the AGR and recurrence of IGM and to determine potential risk factors for the disease. 19 However, the association between AGR and IGM recurrence has never been studied so far. 14–17 In addition, AGR is an inflammation-based index that has been shown to be capable of predicting the severity of inflammatory bowel diseases, 18 predicting the risk of developing lupus nephritis in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Previous studies have identified low AGR values as a poor prognostic factor in solid cancers such as those of the esophagus, stomach, and colon, and nasopharyngeal cancers. 12, 13 AGR is therefore increasingly used in determining the prognosis and severity of many cancers and inflammatory diseases. The albumin-to-globulin ratio (AGR) represents the calculated ratio between these two basic proteins and is thought to be a more specific indicator because it is not affected by body fluid balance. 11 However, there is still a need for new, more reliable, and robust markers with high accuracy capable of predicting the recurrence of IGM.Īlbumin and globulin are the two most abundant proteins of human plasma and are indicators of nutritional status and inflammation. 10 Another study reported that while there was a significant relationship between NLR levels and IGM recurrence, platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) values did not affect the recurrence rate. One study evaluating various hematological indices reported significantly higher neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and fibrinogen-to-albumin ratio (FAR) values in recurrent cases. 2 However, studies evaluating the place of biomarkers in predicting IGM recurrence are growing in importance. Smoking, pregnancy, breastfeeding history, and breast infections are clinical parameters linked to the development of recurrence. Recurrence after treatment and resistance to treatment are the most important difficulties in the management of this disease. 2, 3, 6, 8 Reported recurrence rates in the literature are high, at up to 50%, despite the various therapeutic methods available. No universally accepted standard treatment protocol for IGM has yet been established. 2, 7 Different therapeutic approaches are available, from simple antibiotics and follow-ups to large mastectomies. 5, 6 Definitive diagnosis is made pathologically, and other diseases that cause granulomatous reactions (tuberculosis, sarcoidosis, and granulomatous polyangiitis) must be excluded. 2–4 Clinically, IGM may present with findings such as pain, palpable mass, tenderness, redness, abscess, and fistulae. 1 Although the etiopathogenesis is uncertain, the implicated factors include autoimmunity, some infectious agents (Corynebacterium species), local irritation, and oral contraceptive use. Idiopathic granulomatous mastitis (IGM) is a rare inflammatory disease of the breast that usually affects women of reproductive age.
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